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Weeds on the beds prevent young seedlings from developing properly, weaken them by competing for nutrients and water. Harmful weeds also attract various pests that feed on their juices or nibble on them. This can lead to a significant decrease in yield or its complete absence.
Undoubtedly, it is necessary to deal with weeds. However, traditional manual weeding requires a lot of time and effort, and does not always guarantee complete elimination of dandelions, quackgrass, or chickweed. Beds can be processed with a cultivator, but then you still have to manually remove the roots. In addition, weed seeds will rise closer to the surface and soon sprout again.
In such a situation, it is worth trying other methods that will guarantee the destruction of weeds. After that, you will only need to remove the remnants of the plants, apply the necessary fertilizers, and you can start the long-awaited planting.
Covering the soil with impermeable material
One of the easiest ways to destroy all weeds in the beds is to cover the soil with black film, agrotextile, pieces of cardboard, or metal. It is important to use any material that does not let light through. In a few days, unwanted plants will begin to weaken due to the constriction and lack of sunlight.
In warm weather, all weeds can die within a few days, after which the covering can be removed, and you can prepare the beds for planting. Some plants may be removed, while others can be treated with EM preparations to accelerate decomposition of organic matter.
However, some weeds can be very persistent. Considering that there is little time left before planting, there is a risk of not being able to get rid of weeds on the beds. Therefore, many gardeners cover the soil at the end of winter or the beginning of spring. Also, using film helps the soil to warm up faster, allowing for early sowing.
It is easier to get rid of young weeds while their roots are still small, and the stems are soft.
Using mulch to cover the beds
This method is similar to the previous one, but instead of a dense uniform material, mulch is used, which inhibits weed growth while enriching the soil with nutrients.
To make mulch effective, its layer should be at least 5-10 cm. Sometimes, it can be challenging to find a sufficient amount of material for a large garden. It is also important to use organic materials since vegetables and greens will soon grow in the beds. Suitable mulch materials include straw, hay, compost, manure, sawdust, and fallen leaves.
Some types of mulch, such as peat, fresh sawdust, and pine bark, can increase soil acidity.
Prior to planting, the mulch is loosened to create planting spaces. Or a thin layer of mulch is left.
Sow cover crops
In early spring, it is recommended to sow cover crops or green manure in the garden. They help to get rid of weeds, enrich the soil with nitrogen and other beneficial nutrients, loosen it, and prevent soil erosion and leaching.
Cover crops should be sown considering crop rotation to avoid association with crops planned for the current season.
Popular cover crops include mustard, phacelia, peas, oats, lupine, clover, rapeseed, alfalfa, oil radish, and others. A few weeks before planting vegetable crops, cover crops are cut and incorporated into the soil. EM preparations can be used to speed up their decomposition.
However, it is not always possible to sow cover crops. Also, some very aggressive weeds are not afraid of living or decaying plants. Therefore, it is worth considering the above methods or using a method that will guarantee the elimination of excess vegetation.
Treating weeds with herbicides
Herbicides are substances designed to destroy plants. In general, one or several treatments are enough to completely kill weeds and prevent their reappearance. However, it is important to remember that these products can harm crop plants, so when choosing herbicides, you need to be very careful.
For spring treatment of beds, it is recommended to use broad-spectrum herbicides if there are no perennials or lawns nearby. Selective herbicides are also used, which destroy specific weed species without damaging main crops.
If nettles, sorrel, or ground elder thrive on your plot, it indicates moist and fertile soil. However, the prevalence of dandelions, horsetail, ragwort, and plantain indicates soil acidification.
