Lithium-sulfur batteries demonstrate an amazing ability to store energy, exceeding the performance of modern lithium-ion batteries by five times. The innovators behind the new research have developed a completely new design for this architecture, including sugar as a component that helps increase the stability of the battery. Thanks to this, the battery can endure more than 1000 charge and discharge cycles, as reported by the source HighTech.
Previously, scientists explored the potential of lithium-sulfur batteries, but their experimental models were never made available on the market due to insufficient stability. During charging, the positive sulfur electrode of the battery expands and contracts, undergoing significant stresses, leading to its rapid wear. In addition, the negative electrode becomes polluted with sulfur compounds.
Other scientists partially addressed this issue by developing a special binding material, creating additional space around the sulfur particles. This provided more room for safe expansion during charging, allowing the battery to withstand over 200 cycles.
The main emphasis in the new research was placed on the negative electrode of the battery, which gets polluted with sulfur compounds. It is known that certain sugar-based substances can prevent degradation in geological deposits and provide strong connections between sulfides.
As a result, researchers developed an additive based on sugar for the lattice architecture of the electrode. It acts as a binding material, forming lattice microstructures that help regulate the behavior of polysulfides. Consequently, the sugar-containing battery demonstrated a performance of around 700 mAh per gram and endured over 1000 charge and discharge cycles.
The researchers noted that their technology allows storing energy two to five times more than what is achievable with modern lithium-ion batteries.