If the supplier regularly sends large shipments across the ocean, then it is more convenient for him to conclude an annual contract with the carrier. If the parties are less regular and not so large, then you can find a carrier on the spot market for a specific cargo and route.
Many routes are standard and have regular flights. On such routes, market participants are interested in transparent and efficient pricing. To give market participants a guide, trading platforms and analytical agencies collect information on all transactions made and publish relevant indices on a regular basis.
One of the most popular indices is the Baltic Dry Index (BDY), which reflects the dynamics of freight rates for a wide range of dry cargo on 20 major routes. It is calculated by the Baltic Exchange, one of the largest intermediaries for participants in the shipping market.
Read more: https://forkagro.com/p/world-freight-indices